Metropolitan Chicago's Regional Cultural Park: Assessing the Development of the Illinois & Michigan Canal National Heritage Corridor     

《The Journal of geography》2012,111(3):111-117

Abstract

The United States is undergoing rapid demographic change leading to growing racial, ethnic, religious and economic diversity in our classrooms. Our students can be sensitized to this growing diversity through exposure to the concept of social justice. The purpose of this article is to provide examples of how social justice issues can be included in classroom discussions of the American system of political representation. For this purpose, it examines selected aspects of the redistricting process. It points out that our historic reliance upon the winner-take-all single-member district system of electing representatives to legislative bodies limits the opportunity for minority groups to be fairly represented. It also provides an overview of the impact of the criminal justice system upon fair political representation. The article concludes with an example of a classroom exercise to demonstrate its major points.  相似文献   

城乡边缘区农户家庭就业空间行为模式及机制研究——以衡阳市珠晖区酃湖乡4个样本村为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李伯华  曹冬  杨森 《云南地理环境研究》2012,24(3):25-30

在湖南省衡阳市酃湖乡4个村268家农户的访谈和问卷调查的基础上,通过主导因子分析法,总结了城乡边缘区农户就业空间行为的模式,即传统农业模式、城郊农业就业模式、省域就业模式、市域就业模式、本村置业模式和本市置业模式等6种就业空间行为模式,并从城市化、农业生产效率和城乡二元结构等3个方面总结了各种模式的形成机制。  相似文献   

辽宁省积雪对自动气象站观测地气温差的影响     

朱玲  顾正强  龚强  晁华  李杨  徐红  周晓宇  沈历都  蔺娜 《冰川冻土》2019,41(2):293-303

利用1971—2016年辽宁省61个气象站气温、地表温度、积雪日数和积雪深度资料,分析了积雪的保温作用及其对地气温差的影响。结果表明：更换自动站前后地表温度观测方式的差异导致地气温差显著增大,地气温差的增大程度受所在区域积雪日数、积雪深度的影响显著。在积雪期较长、积雪较厚的地区,积雪引起反照率增大,使得雪面温度降低,导致雪气温差减小,而雪的保温作用使得地气温差显著增大。因此,更换自动站前地（雪）气温差与积雪日数呈显著负相关,而更换自动站后地气温差与积雪日数呈显著正相关。各台站之间地气温差随积雪深度的变化系数差异较大,为0.045~0.858 ℃?cm^-1,在年平均积雪日数＜40 d、年平均极端积雪深度＜10 cm的区域,积雪的保温作用随积雪深度增大而显著增大;在年平均积雪日数＞40 d、年平均极端积雪深度＞10 cm的区域,10 cm以下的积雪对土壤保温作用随积雪深度增大显著,当积雪深度＞10 cm后,其保温作用随积雪深度增大的幅度明显减小。  相似文献   

渤海湾盆地东濮凹陷古近系古湖盆氧化还原条件及其优质烃源岩的发育模式     

马小祥  姚素平  张柏林  张云献  彭君 《高校地质学报》2019,25(6):801

通过分析东濮凹陷古近系沙河街组烃源岩样品的主微量元素含量,研究了东濮凹陷沙河街组优质烃源岩形成时的古氧化还原条件、古生产力水平及古水体的局限性,探讨了沙河街组沙三段优质烃源岩的发育模式。研究结果表明,东濮凹陷的北部沙三段优质烃源岩发育属于“深水窄盆水体分层沉积”模式。水体主要是咸水—超咸水,水体局限性较强,深度较深形成了稳定的盐度分层,从而造成底层水处于稳定的缺氧条件,有利于有机质的保存。根据主微量元素分析及古生产力的还原,沙三段沉积时水体表层富氧,发育大量有机质,生物死亡后有机质发生絮凝,在氧化还原界面吸附于铁锰氧化物的表面,沉降到底部,底部水体缺氧到还原的性质,适合保存有机质。东濮凹陷南部沙三段优质烃源岩发育属于“浅水广盆凹盆缺氧沉积”模式。湖泊水体为淡水,湖水局限性很弱,属于开阔水域,由于地表河流及洪水带来大量营养物质,表层水体古生产力较高,缺乏缺氧的保存条件,有机质生化阶段消耗较多,但是局部也可以发育弱还原水体,进而形成优 质烃源岩。  相似文献   

光谱保真归一化卷积高光谱超分辨率重建方法     

徐宏根  李春来  杨淼  董小环 《华南地质与矿产》2019,35(4):504-513

高光谱遥感图像受到成像系统硬件限制,无法同时具有高空间分辨率和高光谱分辨率,较低的空间分辨率制约高光谱图像的应用,超分辨率重建技术可提高图像的空间分辨率。针对高光谱图像的超分辨率重建中光谱保真度的问题,在重建方法中耦合光谱保真度函数,结合结构自适应归一化卷积方法,提出基于光谱保真约束的归一化卷积方法。具体地,将图像局部邻域内像素间的光谱相关性作为约束条件,将与中心像素光谱类似的像素赋予较大权值,从而提高重建后图像光谱特性的保持程度。实验中分别从空间结构与光谱信息保真两个方面来评价重建后结果,结果表明该方法具有较好的光谱信息保持度。  相似文献   

中国页岩油的形成和分布理论综述     

张欣  刘吉余  侯鹏飞 《地质与资源》2019,28(2):165-170

页岩油是指生成并滞留在烃源岩中,以游离或吸附状态赋存在地层微纳米级储集空间中,基本未运移或极短距离运移的低熟—半熟油气.通过总结泥页岩低孔低渗的特点,对页岩油的形成机制、演化条件、保存条件以及分布特征进行了讨论.泥页岩中有机质的丰度、类型以及演化成熟度是泥页岩生油能力的主要影响因素.生油能力较好的Ⅰ或Ⅱ型干酪根是良好的有机质类型,而Ⅲ型干酪根则以生气为主.在适当的埋藏深度下,达到生油门限,即可发生热化学反应产生大量液态烃.弱水动力条件以及相对长时间稳定的构造活动,都能使得有机质及沉积物缓慢沉降并演化.陆上优质泥页岩由于分布范围广、类型多、时代跨度大、陆相湖盆面积小、物源丰富且湖平面变化等原因,有利于页岩油气形成.  相似文献   

Tracking historical storm records from high-barrier lagoon deposits on the southeastern coast of Hainan Island,China     

Liang Zhou  Xiaomei Xu  Yaping Wang  Jianjun Jia  Yang Yang  Gaocong Li  Changliang Tong  Shu Gao 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(11):162-175

The relationship between storm activity and global warming remains uncertain. To better understand storm–climate relationships, coastal lagoon deposits are increasingly being investigated because they could provide high-resolution storm records long enough to cover past climate changes. However, site-specific sediment dynamics and high barriers may bias storm reconstructions. Here, we aimed to investigate these factors through the reconstruction of five distinct storm records (XCL-01, XC-03, XC-06, XC-07, XC-08) from different water depths in a lagoon with a high barrier (i.e., Xincun Lagoon of Hainan Island). Sediment cores were characterized using high-resolution grain size and XRF measurements, to identify storm events. These data were coupled with a numerical simulation to obtain bed shear stress data with high-spatial resolution to better understand storm-induced sediment transport mechanisms. 210Pb dating and Pb pollution chronostratigraphic markers indicated that the chronology of the storm deposit sequences of the cores span the period between 117 a and 348 a. The grain size and XRF results indicated numerous, highly variable and short-duration fluctuations, suggesting that storm-induced coarse-grained sediments were deposited at these core sites. The inconsistent storm events recorded in these cores suggest that these sites have different preservation potentials for storm deposits. However, the consistence between storm sediment records and historical documents for Core XCL-01 indicates that high-barrier lagoons could provide long-term storm event records with high preservation potential.  相似文献   

埋深对恐龙化石的影响效果研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈诚  贾超  张尚坤  杜圣贤  罗文强  田京祥 《山东国土资源》2019,35(5)

已发现的恐龙化石大多数埋藏在不同深度的地层中,不同埋深化石所受风化破坏程度不尽相同。为深入研究恐龙化石的风化机理,探究恐龙化石的保护措施和方法,重点分析埋深产生的侧向压力对恐龙化石强度和破坏特性的影响。通过有限差分软件FLAC3D进行数值模拟,揭示埋深因素对恐龙化石保存的影响程度。试验结果表明:围岩对恐龙化石施加的侧向压力是影响恐龙化石变形和强度特性的一个重要因素。在弹性变形阶段,恐龙化石的初始强度、峰值强度随侧向压力的增大而不断增大。当应力超过了恐龙化石极限强度后进入塑性变形,其初始强度、峰值强度逐渐减小,最终达到残余强度。  相似文献   

Indigenous Land Management in Peri-Urban Landscapes: An Australian Example     

Rachele S. Wilson  Kerry Jones  Sean Fleischfresser  Bridgette Davis  Genevieve Jones 《社会与自然资源》2018,31(3):335-350

This article examines roles, opportunities, and challenges for Indigenous land management in rapidly developing landscapes through a case study of Bunya Bunya Country Aboriginal Corporation, a not-for-profit organization on the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia. An analysis of data collected through semistructured interviews, participant observation, and analysis of secondary sources reveals that Aboriginal land managers work in a variety of roles to manage issues affecting the local environment and cultural heritage sites. These efforts are challenged by the absence of Native Title and colonial land management policies, which restrict Aboriginal involvement in land management. We conclude that there is a need for alternative pathways to engage with Aboriginal land managers who cannot, or choose not to, proceed with Native Title. Decolonized decision-making tools and sustainable enterprises are viable opportunities that partially address these challenges and could deliver tangible socio-economic and cultural benefits to local Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people.  相似文献   

城镇化与旅游发展背景下的乡村文化研究：学术争鸣与研究方向   总被引：11，自引：4，他引：7  

黄震方  黄睿 《地理研究》2018,37(2):233-249

快速城镇化和旅游发展背景下的乡村文化衰落现象,已经成为制约国家新型城镇化战略和乡村旅游发展的重大紧迫问题。以乡村文化保护为主线,通过综述乡村文化的研究进展,围绕城镇化和旅游发展对乡村文化是“繁荣”还是“衰落”、是“原真”保护还是“创新”利用、是景观“美化”还是文化“重构”等学术争论的焦点问题,提出了乡村文化保护利用和恢复重构的研究思路、研究方向及主要科学问题。强调应运用区域性、综合性的地理思维和人地关系的视角,综合集成多学科理论和多种研究方法与现代技术,聚焦引领性科学问题,关注城镇化对乡村文化胁迫效应测度及其影响过程与机制分析,重视乡村文化的科学保护、旅游活化利用、旅游村镇化与村镇旅游化、特色田园乡村建设和乡村多元价值提升,运用社区恢复力理论构建乡村文化恢复模型,依据文化基因、乡愁记忆等理论和建构主义方法确定乡村文化重构内涵,构建符合中国乡村特点的文化重构模式,从而为乡村振兴、乡村文化保护和乡村旅游持续发展提供理论支撑和实践依据,为国内学者进行乡村文化和乡村旅游研究提供借鉴和启示。  相似文献